答案,中考英语阅读理解题做题对策探究

近年来陕西中考英语阅读理解题一般是四篇短文，题量15个小题，分值25分。这类题型是考察学生阅读信息和处理信息的能力，浅析不足和解决不足的能力。我在多年的教学时间中，总结出了这类题的解题策略和思路，在平时的教学和中考前的复习中不断地给学生传授和指导，使学生受益匪浅。现将策略总结如下：
，教师指导学生搞清楚此类题是在“阅读”的上“解题管理论文”的，答题的时候就要讲究“Five-Step”。
Step 1：先读不足，弄清考查要点
在阅读短文,学生应把试卷上不足细细看一遍，搞清楚考查要点，以便在下的阅读中做到心中有数，有的放矢。
Step 2：速读原文，大意
带着不足将原文一口气读完，文章大意，与不足有关的信息，在这里，除非是十分有把握的，可在文中找出答案，暂不忙于答题。这是“阅读”的，运用有难度，要在平时多加训练。
Step 3：细读原文，捕捉信息
“解题”的，应的不足：1.文章的中心须抓住。2.文章线索来“辅助”。3.联系上下文及语法浅析，感受生词、难句。4.是记述类文段，还要明了其“要素”，即时间、地点、人物、事情的起因、经过、结果。

5.挖掘文章的深层含义。

Step 4：题意，答案

1.确定答案。对于所提不足可在短文中找到答案的，可策略。

2.归纳推理，确定答案。有些题的答案在原文中找出，考生在把握全文中心和线索的下、归纳、推理、乃至计算才能答案。
Step 5：复读全文，验证答案
在做完的题目，应对照答案复读全文，以最佳答案。
，还要：

1.阅读速度应放快，视域应放宽。

2.正确对待生词。在短文中，有些词或词语不给出注释，有三本科论文种情况：（1）人名、地名。（2）构词法而的另外词。（3）有的生词以上下文的信息或同位语、修饰语、或以本句前后判断词性、词义，也可以试题理解与原文对照猜测词义。

3.明确文中代词的指代联系。这对读懂短文有很大。

4.试题的特殊疑问词。如：When，where，who ，what，which，why，how等，这些不足的答案以文中找到。
5.试题理解与原句的转化。如简单句与复合句的转化，名词与代词的转化，名词与动词的转化，形容词与副词的转化，有的是句子成分的转化，如形容词由作表语转化为作定语，有的是句型结构的转化，如普通的陈述句转化为感叹句等等。
下面就以2011年达州的一篇中考阅读理解试题为例：阅读短文，以个小题所给的四个选项中选出能回答所提不足或完成所给句子的最佳答案：
Paris is the capital of France. Its subway is also very special. You can enjoy its culture when you are in this city. First you can see many people reading books in the subway. Whenever they are in the subway or at the station, there is always a book in the hand.
The subway station in Paris is not big, but each of them has its special facts. Some stations look like ships. Some stations he clothes, cups, and shoes. And every station has a big advertisement picture. But many of them are for selling clothes and coetics（化妆品).
You can meet some beggars(乞丐) in the subway. But the beggars in the Paris subway are also very special. They often play the violin or guitar in the train. They don't feel shy at all. Instead they think it is natural. After playing, they will go around the train and ask you to give them money.
If you want to learn more about Paris, go to the subway and enjoy its culture by yourself.
(D)1. What do many people usually do when they are in the subway?
A. Listen to music.B. Beg some money.
C. Sell clothes and coetics.D. Read books.
(A)2. How do the beggars get money from people in the subway?
A. They often play the violin or guitar in the station.
B. They usually brush shoes for the passengers.
C. They often steal money from the shops.
D. They usually help the passengers carry suitcases.
(D)

3. What's the main idea of this passage?

A. Reading in the Paris subway.
B. The subway is a window of theParis subway.
C. The beggars in the Paris subway usually he some skills.
D. Each of the subway station in Paris has its special facts.
谈论了法国巴黎的地铁文化，地铁站的特点，地铁里的人物乘客和乞丐事情。阅读考察学生对外国文化和地域特点的。
1. D 考察学生对细节理解。由自然段句 First you can see many people reading books in the subway.可知。
2. A 考察学生对细节理解。由自然段句 They often play the violin or guitar in the train.可知。
3. D 考察学生对文章主旨的理解。由自然段首句The subway station in Paris is not big, but each of them has its special facts. 可知。
总之，在平时的阅读训练中，要阅读题材和体裁的文章，如社会生活，人物故事，名人传记，人文地理，异国文化，自然科学，社会热点等，还要热门话题阅读有关文章，这样做就有助于提高自身的阅读。