从句,定语以句要点回顾

纵观近几年高考英语试卷，几乎每套试卷都有对定语以句的考查，定语以句是高考的必考语法项目。下面对高中阶段的定语以句用法及考点作一归纳。
其实，浅析多年来的高考试卷，不难对于定语以句的考查在同位语以句与定语以句的辨别和联系词的选择上。对于不足。

一、定语以句和同位语以句的区别

硕士论文定语以句和同位语以句的之处结构相同，都为“名词+以句”结构。不同之处有三点。同位语以句所修饰的是有限的抽象名词,如:hope, idea, news, order, fact, question, belief, truth, doubt, conclusion 等,但定语以句这的限制。that 引导定语以句且充当的语法成分,所以以句中缺主语、宾语、表语或介词的宾语,是对前面的名词的修饰或限定；但that 引导的同位语以句是对前面名词内容的,that是起引导作用,不充当任何成分,所以以句不缺任何成分。where, when, why引导定语以句时,意思与先行词的意思相同,疑问的意思,但引导同位语以句时表示 “在哪儿”, “时候”, “为”,有疑问的意思。如：
The fact that he had not said anything surprised everybody.
This is the fact that you must know clearly.

二、联系代词as的用法

1.当先行词被the same, such修饰时,联系代词用as。如：

Beijing was attacked by such a terrible sandstormaew citizens had ever experienced before.
2.当联系代词代替整个句子,且以句放在句子的最前面汉语言论文时,联系代词只能用as。常见的用as作联系代词的固定结构有:as is wellknown to all of us, as has been said above, as we know, as has been pointed out, as has been proved, as is often the case，as has been announced/reported... 如:
Asis often the case, he didn’t study hard and failed to pass the test.

三、“介词+联系代词”结构

当介词放在联系代词前面时,绝数情况下联系代词两个，即whom(指人)和which(指物)，有时也用whose和联系副词。判定联系代词前面的介词有三条原则。

1.看先行词与介词的常规搭配。如：

Miss Bell joined the searchandrescue team when she was 14, the youngest ageat whichone can be admitted.

2.看以句中谓语动词常规搭配的介词。如：

There is hardly an environment on earthto whichsome species of animals or other he not adapted succesully.

3.看先行词与以句的逻辑联系。如：

Learning another language is like stepping out of the door,through whichI can look back and see more clearly my own language.

四、非限制性定语以句的特殊结构

先行词+名词/数词/代词/the+形容词的比较级+of+ whom/which，在这结构中常用的代词有:any, neither, either, both, each, a few, most, some, many, few, one, the first等。
The newlybuilt cafe, the wall ofwhichare painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us.

五、定语以句主谓一致不足

联系词在以句中作主语时，谓语一般要与先行词保持一致，的是：one of +复数名词(先行词)+联系代词(作主语)+复数谓语动词；the only one of +复数名词(先行词)+联系代词(作主语)+单数谓语动词。如：
He is one of the studentswho areinto computer games.
He is the only one of the studentswho isinto computer games.
总之， 定语以句是英语学习中见得最多、用得最广的以句。只要学生能正确浅析定语以句、理清语法结构、理解句子含义，定能提高解题能力。
（责任编辑 周侯辰）