动词,小议情态动词特别用法

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摘 要:情态动词在英语使用,是英语学习中的知识点,在,尤其是高考中屡见不鲜,是常见的考点。但对其用法,尤其是比较特殊的用法出现在题目中,是高考试题当中时,让应试者无所适以。下边就常考的情态动词的特殊用法中学课本中出现的现象作一简单归纳总结,以期应试者在复习时化繁以简,事半功倍的复习效果。
词:英语;情态动词;用法
情态动词是英语中一类比较特殊的动词,有实际作用硕士论文而又独立作谓语,其后跟其他动词原形才能作谓语。每个情态动词除了其最的作用和用法外,还有特殊而又常用的用法。下边就常出现的情态动词的用法考点中学课本中出现的现象作一简单浅析。

一、表示推测

1.情态动词表示推测时,must(、)may(很可能)might(或许)语气依次由强到弱。例:
(1)He passed the final exam and must be very happy now.
(2)He works hard and may pass trhe final exam.
(3)He might pass the final exam although he doesn’t work hard.
当表示对过去情况的推测时,要用情态动词的完成式来表示。例:
He looks so sleepy.He must he stayed up late last night.

2.表示否定推测且语气比较强烈时要用can’t(能)。例:

The classroom is dark.There can’t be any students in it.
3.表示有疑问、不确定或惊讶,有“可能会是”或“怎么会”之意时,用can来表示。例:
(1)Who can be the man stading there?
(2)Can the boy caught by police yesterday be a college student?

二、must的其他用法

1.must意思为“”时,构成的一般疑问句否定回答用mustn’t,而要用needn’t或don’t he to,mustn’t的意思为“禁止”或“不允许”而“不必”。例:
—Must I hand in my homework now?
—No,you needn’t/ you don’t he to .
2.当must表示推测时,构成反义疑问句时的助动词要和去掉must后句子的时态、人称保持一致(其他情态动词一样)。例:
You must he gone home last night ,didn’t you?

三、need()和dare(敢)

1.当情态动词来用,也当实义动词来用。作情态动词时,无人称、数的变化,后跟原形动词;作实义动词时有人称、数和时态变化,后跟动词不定式。例:
(1)You needn’t come here too early.
(2)You don’t need to give him such an expensive present.
2.need当实义动词用时,后跟动词的ing形式表示被动,于不定式的被动式。即need doing=need to be done。例:
The task needs completing/to be completed in two days.

四、shall的英语论文特殊用法

1.与人称连用,表示允诺、警告、命令、威胁等。例:

If you work hard,you’ll get a pen as reward.

2.与人称连用,表示征求意见或请求许可。例:

Sir,a Mr.Wang is waiting for you at the gate;Shall he come in or stay there?

3.should表示吃惊、惊讶,有“竟然”之意。例:

That he should speak to you like that is astonishing.

五、may的一些特殊用法

1.构成may/might(just)as well do sth.结构,意思是“做……与无妨”“不妨做……”。例:
Since nobody else wants the job,we may as well let him he it.

2.放在独立句子中表示祝愿。例:

(1)Long may you live.
(2)May you both be very happy.

3.与well连用有“完全可能”“满”之意。例:

(1)It may well be that the train is delayed.
(2)He may well be surprised.
4.陈述句主语为人称,谓语动词为wish,表示征求意见时,变反义疑问句要用may来作助动词。例:
I wish to he a good rest,may I?

六、would和used to

二者都用来表示“过去经常做某事”,用would时,表示现在仍可能做,而用used to则表示过去常做,现在已经做了。例:
(1)He would go swimming in that river when he was young.
(2)There used to be a wood bridge over the river when I was young.

七、shall we和will you

在构成祈使句的反义疑问句时,当祈使句以let’s开头就用shall we来构成,其他形式的祈使句的反义疑问句用will you来构成。例:
(1)Let’s he a little rest,shall we?
(2)Don’t open the door,will you?
(作者单位 甘肃省渭源县北寨中学)



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